Organized crime in the global context: emerging threats and effective responses
Keywords:
organized crime, criminal offense, law enforcement agency, terrorism financing.
Abstract
The research paper outlines several issues related to the impact that the organized crime nowadays has on global community. Various issues of “group” criminality, its goals and motivations are discussed at length. The difficulty of precisely defining such phenomenon is explored. Two major pieces of international legislation, the United Nations Convention against Organized Crime and the EU Council Framework Decision 2008/841/JHA of 24 October 2008, are discussed in order to reveal some key parameters for introducing national criminal law provisions against organized crime.
By using comparative and other research methods, American, Mexican and Ukrainian approaches to outlining issues of organized crime and responding to them are explained. As a role model, historical roots, structural model and impact of Mafia-type organizations in the United States have been outlined. Also, successful impact of the U.S. Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act on such types of criminal activity has been revealed.
Finally, the structure of criminal community in Ukraine as a typical form of organized crime in this country has been described through the legal analyses of its five key elements.
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References
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Vozniuk, A., & Dudorov, O. (2021). Criminal liability for crimes committed by a criminal community: analysis of legislative novels. In: The latest criminal law research - 2021: Almanac of scientific papers, edited by Prof. E.L. Streltsov, Prof. O.V. Kozachenko, PhD O.M. Musychenko. Mykolaiv: IPI NU OIA, Odesa, Ukraine. (In Ukrainian)
Vozniuk, A. (2018). Criminal liability for the creation of criminal associations and participation in them: monograph. Kyiv, Ukraine: FOP Maslakov Publishing. (In Ukranian)
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Vozniuk, А., Kamensky, D., Dudorov, O., Movchan, R., & Andrushko, A. (2021). Unconstitutionality of criminal liability for filing inaccurate information in Ukraine: сritical legal analyses. Questiones Politicas, 69(39), 133-145. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3969.07
Berisha, M. (2014). International Cooperation in Combating Organized Crime. European Academic Research, II(1), 354-372.
Cingano, F., & Tonello, M. (2020). Law Enforcement, Social Control and Organized Crime: Evidence from Local Government Dismissals in Italy. Italian Economic Journal, 6(2), 221-254.
Europol (2022). Complexities and conveniences in the international drug trade: the involvement of Mexican criminal actors in the EU drug market. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/nDvPJO
European Union (2008). Council Framework Decision 2008/841/Jha Of 24 October 2008 on the Fight Against Organised Crime. Official Journal of the European Union. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/06gipv
FBI (2023). Mafia Org Chart. Retrieved from: https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/mafia-family-tree.pdf/view
Garner, B. (2014). Black’s law dictionary. Tenth Edition. St. Paul: Thomson Reuters. ISBN: 0314613005
Gooch, K., & Treadwell, J. (2020). Prisoner Society in an Era of Psychoactive Substances, Organized Crime, New Drug Markets and Austerity. British Journal of Criminology, 60(5), 1260-1281.
Interpol. (2021). Global Strategy on Organized and Emerging Crime. Retrieved from: https://www.interpol.int/Crimes/Organized-crime
Kamensky, D. (2020). Liability for economic crimes in the United States of America and Ukraine: a comparative legal study: a monograph. Kyiv, Ukraine: Dakor Publishing House. (in Ukrainian)
Kamensky, D., Dudorov, O., Savchenko, A., Movchan, R., & Danylevska, Yu. (2023). Criminal liability for humanitarian aid embezzlement during war: the case of Ukraine. Cuestiones Políticas, 41(77), 760-776. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4177.50
Kleemans, E., & Van Koppen, V. (2020). Organized Crime and Criminal Careers. Crime and Justice, 49(1), 385-423.
Kovalchuk, V. (2013). Criminal law means of combating creation of a criminal organization: a monograph. Ukraine. LvDUVS. (In Ukrainian)
Lutsenko, Yu. (2022). Current issues of combating organized crime in the context of the state’s migration policy”. Carpathian Legal Gazette, 6(47), 132-136. https://doi.org/10.32782/pyuv.v6.2022.27
Lutsenko, Yu., Motyl, V., Tarasiuk, A., Areshonkov, V, Diakin, Y., & Kamensky, D. (2023). Globalization of White-Collar Crime: Far and Beyond National Jurisdictions. Political Questions, 41(76), 64-75. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4176.03
Mcintosh, M. A. (2023). History of the American Mafia. About Us. Retrieved from: https://brewminate.com/a-history-of-the-american-mafia/
Mexico Profile (2023). Global Organized Crime Index. Retrieved from: https://ocindex.net/country/mexico
Movchan, R., Dudorov, O., Vozniuk, A., Areshonkov, V., & Lutsenko, Yu. (2021). Combating commodity smuggling in Ukraine: in search of the optimal legislative model. Amazonia Investiga, 10(47), 142-151. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.47.11.14
Movchan, R., Vozniuk, A., Kamensky, D., Koval, I., & Golovko, O. (2022). Criminal and legal protection of land resources in Ukraine and Latin America: comparative legal analysis. Amazonia Investiga, 11(51), 328-336. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2022.51.03.33
Ohr, B. (2012). Effective Methods to Combat Transnational Organized Crime in Criminal Justice Processes. 116-th International Training Course Visiting Experts’ Papers, Resource Material Series. No. 58, 40-60. Retrieved from: https://unafei.or.jp/publications/pdf/RS_No58/No58_08VE_Ohr.pdf
Pidgorodynskyi, V., Kamensky, D., Bolokan, I., Makarenko, T., & Samilo, H. (2021). Smuggling or violation of customs rules: actual questions of application of administrative and criminal liability. Cuestiones Políticas, 39(70), 800-814. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3970.48
The Economist. (2023). How the war split the mafia. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/EdURuY
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2000). United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime and the Protocols Thereto. Retrieved from: https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/organized-crime/intro/UNTOC.html
United States Attorney’s Office (2021). 14 Defendants Indicted, Including the Entire Administration of the Colombo Organized Crime Family. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/tR0975
U.S. Department of Justice (2011). Strategy to Combat Transnational Organized Crime: Addressing Converging Threats to National Security. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/m7uddH
Von Lampe, K. (2019). Tackling Organized Crime: From Theory to Practice. Crimen, 10(3), 215-224.
Vozniuk, A., & Dudorov, O. (2021). Criminal liability for crimes committed by a criminal community: analysis of legislative novels. In: The latest criminal law research - 2021: Almanac of scientific papers, edited by Prof. E.L. Streltsov, Prof. O.V. Kozachenko, PhD O.M. Musychenko. Mykolaiv: IPI NU OIA, Odesa, Ukraine. (In Ukrainian)
Vozniuk, A. (2018). Criminal liability for the creation of criminal associations and participation in them: monograph. Kyiv, Ukraine: FOP Maslakov Publishing. (In Ukranian)
Vozniuk, A., Dudorov, O., Tytko, A., & Movchan, R. (2020). Implementation of UN and EU recommendations on criminalization of organized crimes. Amazonia Investiga, 9(28), 234-240. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2020.28.04.26
Vozniuk, А., Kamensky, D., Dudorov, O., Movchan, R., & Andrushko, A. (2021). Unconstitutionality of criminal liability for filing inaccurate information in Ukraine: сritical legal analyses. Questiones Politicas, 69(39), 133-145. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3969.07
Published
2024-01-30
How to Cite
Nekoz, A., Vasyliuk, A., Danylevska, Y., Beseda, D., & Hrynkiv, O. (2024). Organized crime in the global context: emerging threats and effective responses. Amazonia Investiga, 13(73), 87-99. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2024.73.01.7
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