Applying ploughs for determining the optimal depth of soil cultivation: the development of the scientific views
Keywords:
ploughing, furrow, applying plough, flat tillage, inversion tillage, non-inversion tillage, mineralisation.
Abstract
The presented article examines the historical process of using deep and shallow ploughing of the fertile soil. Therefore, the most optimal option for achieving the highest possible productivity is considered, for example, multi-depth tillage of the soil, when deep, medium, shallow and surface inversion and non-inversion tillages alternate in crop rotations. In particular, when ploughing to the depth of 30 cm, the level of available moisture remains the highest during chiselling, and in conditions of deep ploughing (from 30 to 75 cm), the level of available moisture falls for any type of tillage. As a result of the study, the authors came to the conclusion that when choosing the depth of tillage, it is necessary to take into account the information on the crops to be grown and, first of all, the condition of the root layer of the specific field. Thus, in the course of the full-scale Russian aggression against Ukraine and the possible food crisis in some countries of the world caused by this armed conflict, the conducted research cannot be seen as comprehensive and thorough and has further prospects.
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References
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Al-Dosary, N. M. N., Aboukarima, A. M., & Al-Hamed, S. A. (2022). Evaluation of Artificial Neural Network to Model Performance Attributes of a Mechanization Unit (Tractor-Chisel Plow) under Different Working Variables. Agriculture, 12(6), 840.
Artursson, V., Finlay, R. D., & Jansson, J. K. (2006). Interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria and their potential for stimulating plant growth. Environmental Microbiology, 8, 1-10.
Azimi-Nejadian, H., Karparvarfard, S. H., & Naderi-Boldaji, M. (2022). Weed seed burial as affected by mouldboard design parameters, ploughing depth and speed: DEM simulations and experimental validation. Biosystems Engineering, 216, 79-92.
Battisti, M., Zavattaro, L., Capo, L., & Blandino, M. (2022). Maize response to localized mineral or organic NP starter fertilization under different soil tillage methods. European Journal of Agronomy, 138, 126534.
Bhattacharyya, S. S., Leite, F. F. G. D., France, C. L., Adekoya, A. O., Ros, G. H., De Vries, W., Melchor-Martínez, E. M., Iqbal, H. M. N., & Parra-Saldívar, R. (2022). Soil carbon sequestration, greenhouse gas emissions, and water pollution under different tillage practices. Science of The Total Environment, 826, 154161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154161
Buragienė, S., Šarauskis, E., Romaneckas, K., Adamavičienė, A., Kriaučiūnienė, Z., Avižienytė, D., & Naujokienė, V. (2019). Relationship between CO2 emissions and soil properties of differently tilled soils. Science of the Total Environment, 662, 786-795.
Byrne, R. K., McCabe, T., & Forristal, P. D. (2022). The impact of crop establishment systems in combination with applied nitrogen management on the establishment, growth and yield of winter oilseed rape in a mild Atlantic climate. European Journal of Agronomy, 139, 126566
Cardwell, V. B. (1982) Fifty years of Minnesota corn production: Sources of yield increase. Agronomy Journal, 74(6), 984-990.
Cavalcanti, R. Q., Rolim, M. M., De Lima, R. P., Tavares, U. E., Pedrosa, E. M., & Gomes, I. F. (2019). Soil physical and mechanical attributes in response to successive harvests under sugarcane cultivation in Northeastern Brazil. Soil and Tillage Research, 189, 140-147.
Celik, H. K., Caglayan, N., Topakci, M., Rennie, A. E., & Akinci, I. (2020). Strength-based design analysis of a Para-Plow tillage tool. Computers and electronics in agriculture, 169, 105168.
Cheboi, P. K., Siddiqui, S. A., Onyando, J., Kiptum, C. K., & Heinz, V. (2021). Effect of ploughing techniques on water use and yield of rice in maugo small-holder irrigation scheme, Kenya. AgriEngineering, 3(1).
Chekrizov, I. O. (2004). The historical aspect of the development of the main tillage in the Poltava region (Diss. for Ph.D. in agricultural sciences). Kyiv. National scientific center "Institute of Agriculture of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine". [in Ukrainian]
de Lima, R. P., Rolim, M. M., C Dantas, D. D., da Silva, A. R., & Mendonça, E. A. (2021). Compressive properties and least limiting water range of plough layer and plough pan in sugarcane fields. Soil Use and Management, 37(3), 533-544.
Gulyarenko, A., & Bembenek, M. (2022). The Method of Calculating Ploughshares Durability in Agricultural Machines Verified on Plasma-Hardened Parts. Agriculture, 12(6), 841.
Hallsworth, E. G. (1981). Soil management and the food supply. Agrochimica, 25(3-4), 268-282.
Hussein, M. A., Muche, H., Schmitter, P., Nakawuka, P., Tilahun, S. A., Langan, S., Barron, J., & Steenhuis, T. (2019). Deep Tillage Improves Degraded Soils in the (Sub) Humid Ethiopian. Highlands Land, 8(11), 159.
Kamprath, E. J., Cassel, D. K., Gross, H. D., & Dibb, D.W. (1979). Tillage aspects on biomass production and moisture utilization by soybean on Coastal Plain soils. Agronomy Journal, 71(5), 1001-1005.
Kim, Y. S., Kim, T. J., Kim, Y. J., Lee, S. D., Park, S. U., & Kim, W. S. (2020). Development of a real-time tillage depth measurement system for agricultural tractors: application to the effect analysis of tillage depth on draft force during plow tillage. Sensors, 20(3), 912.
Kundler, P., Smukalski, M., & Lange, J. (1977). Measures and parameters for soil fertility control in an intensive agriculture. Proceedings of I Seminar on Soil, Environment and Fertility Management in Intensive Agriculture, 330-340.
Kurok, O.I. (2009). Forming and developing the scientific views on soils: history, theory, practice: monograph. Kyiv, Hlukhiv: Publishing department of O. Dovzhenko Hlukhiv NPU. [in Ukrainian] ISBN 966-376-067-2
Kurylo, V. L., & Pryshlyak, V. M. (2020). Optimization of the parameters of the working bodies of machines for processing sugar beet crops. Technology, energy, transport of agricultural industry, 3(110), 86-94. DOI: 10.37128/2520-6168-2020-3-9 [in Ukrainian]
Mamatov, F., Mirzaev, B., Mirzahodzhaev, S., Uzakov, Z., & Choriyeva, D. (2021). Development of a front plow with active and passive working bodies. Materials Science and Engineering, 1030(1), 012164
Моrgun, F. Т., Shikula, P. К., & Таrarikо, А. G. (1988) Soil protecting tillage. Kiev: Urozhay. [in Russian] ISBN 5-337-00152-3.
Nadeem, F., Farooq, M., Nawaz, A., & Ahmad, R. (2019). Boron improves productivity and profitability of bread wheat under zero and plough tillage on alkaline calcareous soil. Field Crops Research, 239, 1-9.
Nouri, A., Lee, J., Yin, X., Tyler, D. D., & Saxton, A. M. (2019). Thirty-four years of no-tillage and cover crops improve soil quality and increase cotton yield in Alfisols, Southeastern USA. Geoderma, 337, 998-1008.
Onasanya, O. O., Hauser, S., Necpalova, M., Salako, F. K., Kreye, C., Tariku, M., & Pypers, P. (2021). On-farm assessment of cassava root yield response to tillage, plant density, weed control and fertilizer application in southwestern Nigeria. Field Crops Research, 262, 108038.
Оvsinskiy, I. (1899). New tilling system. Kyiv: Printing House of S.V. Kul’zhenko. [in Russian]
Palamarchuk, V. D., Didur, I. M., Kolisnyk, O. M., & Alyeksyeyev, O.O. (2020). Aspects of the modern technology of growing high-starch corn in the conditions of the right-bank forest-steppe. Vinnytsia, “Druk” Ltd. [in Ukrainian]
Prymak, I. D., Mudruk, O. S., & Prymak, O. I. (2005). Historical prerequisites for the use of minimization of mechanical tillage in the arable farming of Ukraine. Scientific Bulletin of the National Agrarian University, 80, 73-81. [in Ukrainian]
Ravshanov, K., Babajanov, L., Kuziev, S., Rashidov, N., & Kurbanov, S. (2020). Plough hitch parameters for smooth tails. Materials Science and Engineering, 883(1), 012139.
Soil Fertility Manual. (1979). Potash and Phosphorus Institute, 2nd edition. Atlanta.
Sommers, I. E., & Biederbeck, V. O. (1978). Tillage management principles: Soil microorganisms. Conservation tillage. Ankeny, Iowa, 87-108.
Stanford, G. (1981). Nitrogen in the cultivated ecosystem. Ecology Bulletin, 33(4), 547-550.
Tomchuk, V. (2021). Why ploughing remains actual. Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science, 56(1), 61-70.
Tuba, G., Kovács, G., Sinka, L., Nagy, P., Rivera-Garcia, A., Bajusová, Z., & Zsembeli, J. (2021). Effect of Soil Conditioning on Soil Penetration Resistance and Traction Power Demand of Ploughing. Agriculture, 67(3).
Umurzakov, U., Mamatov, F., Aldoshin, N., & Mirzaev, B. (2020). Exploration of tillage technologies in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Earth and Environmental Science, 614(1), 012168.
Vanderhasselt, A., Euben, R., D’Hose, T., & Cornelis, W. (2022). Slurry spreading on a silt loam soil: influence of tyre inflation pressure, number of passages, machinery choice and tillage method on physical soil quality and sugar beet growth. Land, 11(6), 913.
Abbaspour-Gilandeh, M., Shahgoli, G., Abbaspour-Gilandeh, Y., Herrera-Miranda, M.A., Hernández-Hernández, J.L., & Herrera-Miranda, I. (2020). Measuring and Comparing Forces Acting on Moldboard Plow and Para-Plow with Wing to Replace Moldboard Plow with Para-Plow for Tillage and Modeling It Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Interface System (ANFIS). Agriculture, 10(12), 633.
Al-Dosary, N. M. N., Aboukarima, A. M., & Al-Hamed, S. A. (2022). Evaluation of Artificial Neural Network to Model Performance Attributes of a Mechanization Unit (Tractor-Chisel Plow) under Different Working Variables. Agriculture, 12(6), 840.
Artursson, V., Finlay, R. D., & Jansson, J. K. (2006). Interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria and their potential for stimulating plant growth. Environmental Microbiology, 8, 1-10.
Azimi-Nejadian, H., Karparvarfard, S. H., & Naderi-Boldaji, M. (2022). Weed seed burial as affected by mouldboard design parameters, ploughing depth and speed: DEM simulations and experimental validation. Biosystems Engineering, 216, 79-92.
Battisti, M., Zavattaro, L., Capo, L., & Blandino, M. (2022). Maize response to localized mineral or organic NP starter fertilization under different soil tillage methods. European Journal of Agronomy, 138, 126534.
Bhattacharyya, S. S., Leite, F. F. G. D., France, C. L., Adekoya, A. O., Ros, G. H., De Vries, W., Melchor-Martínez, E. M., Iqbal, H. M. N., & Parra-Saldívar, R. (2022). Soil carbon sequestration, greenhouse gas emissions, and water pollution under different tillage practices. Science of The Total Environment, 826, 154161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154161
Buragienė, S., Šarauskis, E., Romaneckas, K., Adamavičienė, A., Kriaučiūnienė, Z., Avižienytė, D., & Naujokienė, V. (2019). Relationship between CO2 emissions and soil properties of differently tilled soils. Science of the Total Environment, 662, 786-795.
Byrne, R. K., McCabe, T., & Forristal, P. D. (2022). The impact of crop establishment systems in combination with applied nitrogen management on the establishment, growth and yield of winter oilseed rape in a mild Atlantic climate. European Journal of Agronomy, 139, 126566
Cardwell, V. B. (1982) Fifty years of Minnesota corn production: Sources of yield increase. Agronomy Journal, 74(6), 984-990.
Cavalcanti, R. Q., Rolim, M. M., De Lima, R. P., Tavares, U. E., Pedrosa, E. M., & Gomes, I. F. (2019). Soil physical and mechanical attributes in response to successive harvests under sugarcane cultivation in Northeastern Brazil. Soil and Tillage Research, 189, 140-147.
Celik, H. K., Caglayan, N., Topakci, M., Rennie, A. E., & Akinci, I. (2020). Strength-based design analysis of a Para-Plow tillage tool. Computers and electronics in agriculture, 169, 105168.
Cheboi, P. K., Siddiqui, S. A., Onyando, J., Kiptum, C. K., & Heinz, V. (2021). Effect of ploughing techniques on water use and yield of rice in maugo small-holder irrigation scheme, Kenya. AgriEngineering, 3(1).
Chekrizov, I. O. (2004). The historical aspect of the development of the main tillage in the Poltava region (Diss. for Ph.D. in agricultural sciences). Kyiv. National scientific center "Institute of Agriculture of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine". [in Ukrainian]
de Lima, R. P., Rolim, M. M., C Dantas, D. D., da Silva, A. R., & Mendonça, E. A. (2021). Compressive properties and least limiting water range of plough layer and plough pan in sugarcane fields. Soil Use and Management, 37(3), 533-544.
Gulyarenko, A., & Bembenek, M. (2022). The Method of Calculating Ploughshares Durability in Agricultural Machines Verified on Plasma-Hardened Parts. Agriculture, 12(6), 841.
Hallsworth, E. G. (1981). Soil management and the food supply. Agrochimica, 25(3-4), 268-282.
Hussein, M. A., Muche, H., Schmitter, P., Nakawuka, P., Tilahun, S. A., Langan, S., Barron, J., & Steenhuis, T. (2019). Deep Tillage Improves Degraded Soils in the (Sub) Humid Ethiopian. Highlands Land, 8(11), 159.
Kamprath, E. J., Cassel, D. K., Gross, H. D., & Dibb, D.W. (1979). Tillage aspects on biomass production and moisture utilization by soybean on Coastal Plain soils. Agronomy Journal, 71(5), 1001-1005.
Kim, Y. S., Kim, T. J., Kim, Y. J., Lee, S. D., Park, S. U., & Kim, W. S. (2020). Development of a real-time tillage depth measurement system for agricultural tractors: application to the effect analysis of tillage depth on draft force during plow tillage. Sensors, 20(3), 912.
Kundler, P., Smukalski, M., & Lange, J. (1977). Measures and parameters for soil fertility control in an intensive agriculture. Proceedings of I Seminar on Soil, Environment and Fertility Management in Intensive Agriculture, 330-340.
Kurok, O.I. (2009). Forming and developing the scientific views on soils: history, theory, practice: monograph. Kyiv, Hlukhiv: Publishing department of O. Dovzhenko Hlukhiv NPU. [in Ukrainian] ISBN 966-376-067-2
Kurylo, V. L., & Pryshlyak, V. M. (2020). Optimization of the parameters of the working bodies of machines for processing sugar beet crops. Technology, energy, transport of agricultural industry, 3(110), 86-94. DOI: 10.37128/2520-6168-2020-3-9 [in Ukrainian]
Mamatov, F., Mirzaev, B., Mirzahodzhaev, S., Uzakov, Z., & Choriyeva, D. (2021). Development of a front plow with active and passive working bodies. Materials Science and Engineering, 1030(1), 012164
Моrgun, F. Т., Shikula, P. К., & Таrarikо, А. G. (1988) Soil protecting tillage. Kiev: Urozhay. [in Russian] ISBN 5-337-00152-3.
Nadeem, F., Farooq, M., Nawaz, A., & Ahmad, R. (2019). Boron improves productivity and profitability of bread wheat under zero and plough tillage on alkaline calcareous soil. Field Crops Research, 239, 1-9.
Nouri, A., Lee, J., Yin, X., Tyler, D. D., & Saxton, A. M. (2019). Thirty-four years of no-tillage and cover crops improve soil quality and increase cotton yield in Alfisols, Southeastern USA. Geoderma, 337, 998-1008.
Onasanya, O. O., Hauser, S., Necpalova, M., Salako, F. K., Kreye, C., Tariku, M., & Pypers, P. (2021). On-farm assessment of cassava root yield response to tillage, plant density, weed control and fertilizer application in southwestern Nigeria. Field Crops Research, 262, 108038.
Оvsinskiy, I. (1899). New tilling system. Kyiv: Printing House of S.V. Kul’zhenko. [in Russian]
Palamarchuk, V. D., Didur, I. M., Kolisnyk, O. M., & Alyeksyeyev, O.O. (2020). Aspects of the modern technology of growing high-starch corn in the conditions of the right-bank forest-steppe. Vinnytsia, “Druk” Ltd. [in Ukrainian]
Prymak, I. D., Mudruk, O. S., & Prymak, O. I. (2005). Historical prerequisites for the use of minimization of mechanical tillage in the arable farming of Ukraine. Scientific Bulletin of the National Agrarian University, 80, 73-81. [in Ukrainian]
Ravshanov, K., Babajanov, L., Kuziev, S., Rashidov, N., & Kurbanov, S. (2020). Plough hitch parameters for smooth tails. Materials Science and Engineering, 883(1), 012139.
Soil Fertility Manual. (1979). Potash and Phosphorus Institute, 2nd edition. Atlanta.
Sommers, I. E., & Biederbeck, V. O. (1978). Tillage management principles: Soil microorganisms. Conservation tillage. Ankeny, Iowa, 87-108.
Stanford, G. (1981). Nitrogen in the cultivated ecosystem. Ecology Bulletin, 33(4), 547-550.
Tomchuk, V. (2021). Why ploughing remains actual. Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science, 56(1), 61-70.
Tuba, G., Kovács, G., Sinka, L., Nagy, P., Rivera-Garcia, A., Bajusová, Z., & Zsembeli, J. (2021). Effect of Soil Conditioning on Soil Penetration Resistance and Traction Power Demand of Ploughing. Agriculture, 67(3).
Umurzakov, U., Mamatov, F., Aldoshin, N., & Mirzaev, B. (2020). Exploration of tillage technologies in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Earth and Environmental Science, 614(1), 012168.
Vanderhasselt, A., Euben, R., D’Hose, T., & Cornelis, W. (2022). Slurry spreading on a silt loam soil: influence of tyre inflation pressure, number of passages, machinery choice and tillage method on physical soil quality and sugar beet growth. Land, 11(6), 913.
Published
2023-03-30
How to Cite
KurokО., Hrytsenko, A., ChumachenkoО., & Kryzhanivsky, V. (2023). Applying ploughs for determining the optimal depth of soil cultivation: the development of the scientific views. Amazonia Investiga, 12(62), 327-335. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2023.62.02.33
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