Prevention of criminal offences in passenger road transport in EU countries
Keywords:
zero vision, sustainable safety, intelligent acceleration, traffic calming, passive safety.
Abstract
Effective prevention of criminal offences in passenger road transport includes the development and implementation of safer infrastructure and modern modification of the safety features of vehicles. It is important to adopt and enforce legal initiatives to reduce the main risks that entail serious traffic accidents. One of the main priorities of appropriate prevention is to improve legal education of the public.
The aim of the article was to consider the current state of prevention of criminal offences in passenger road transport on the territory of Europe. Observation and comparative law were the main methodological tools.
The conducted research showed that the EU states apply a variety of approaches to the prevention of criminal offences in automobile passenger transport, such as Vision Zero and the systemic approach Safe System with its Sustainable Safety sub-topic. The need to adopt the experience of Sweden and the Netherlands, which have achieved impressive road safety indicators, in Ukraine seems justified. The eCall traffic accident detection and prevention system and the ESRA innovative prevention method can be examples for implementation in Ukraine. Belgium’s school education program Road Safety Weeks is aimed at minimizing teenage drunk driving, speeding, driver fatigue and distraction. The idea of the programme can be implemented into the relevant preventive activities in Ukraine. A promising vector of further scientific research will be a comparative analysis of the implementation of crime prevention on passenger road transport in the EU countries.
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References
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Faus, M., Alonso, F., Fernández, C., & Useche, S. A. (2021). Are Traffic Announcements Really Effective? A Systematic Review of Evaluations of Crash-Prevention Communication Campaigns. Safety, 7(4), 66. https://doi.org/10.3390/safety7040066
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GRSF. (2021). Road Safety Auditors Train-the-Trainer-Course in Ukraine. Recovered from https://www.roadsafetyfacility.org/events/road-safety-auditors-train-trainer-course-ukraine
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Morimoto, А., Wang, А., & Kitano, N. (2022). A conceptual framework for road traffic safety considering differences in traffic culture through international comparison. IATSS Research, 46(1), 3-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iatssr.2021.11.012
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Riaz, M. S., Cuenen, A., Dhondt, S., Craps, H., Janssens, D., Wets, G., Brijs, T., & Brijs, K. (2019). Evaluation of a Road Safety Education Program Based on Driving Under Influence and Traffic Risks for Higher Secondary School Students in Belgium. Safety, 5(2), 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/safety5020034
Safarpour, H., Khorasani-Zavareh, D., & Mohammadi, R. (2020). The common road safety approaches: A scoping review and thematic analysis. Chinese Journal of Traumatology, 23(2), 113-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjtee.2020.02.005
Shariff, S. S. R., Nusa, F. N. M., Hanizan, H. A., & Taib, M. N. (2022). An analysis of accidents involving public transport along highway. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1022:012021, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1022/1/012021
Shi, G., Methoxha, V., Atkinson-Palombo, C., & Garrick, N. (2021). Sustainable Safety in The Netherlands Creating a Road Environment where People on Foot and on Bikes are as Safe as People in Cars. Transportation Research Record, 2675(11), 792-803. https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981211019736
Steiner, W., Schöll, E. M., Leisch, F., & Hackländer, K. (2021). Temporal patterns of roe deer traffic accidents: Effects of season, daytime and lunar phase. PLoS ONE, 16(3), e0249082. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249082
Sveriges Riksdag. (2019). Law (1951:649) for the punishment of certain traffic offences. (1951). t.o.m. SFS 2019:346. Swedish. Recovered from https://acortar.link/jYsjKe
Tavakkoli, M., Torkashvand-Khah, Z., Fink, G., Takian, A., Kuenzli, N., de Savigny, D., & Cobos Muñoz, D. (2022). Evidence From the Decade of Action for Road Safety: A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Interventions in Low and Middle-Income Countries. Public Health Review, 43, 1604499. https://doi.org/10.3389%2Fphrs.2022.1604499
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VSV. (2022). Traffic weeks. Verkeersweken. Dutch. Recovered from https://secundair.verkeeropschool.be/wat-wij-doen/verkeersweken/
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Zainafree, I., Hadisaputro, S., Suwandono, A., & Widjanarko, B. (2022). The road safety education program for adolescents using social media, proving increasing knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, intentions and behavior. Safety, 8(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/safety8010012
Batyrgareeva, V. S. (2021). Assessment of the loss of human potential due to traffic accidents in Ukraine and the World Health Organization. In XVI International Scientific and Practical Conference “Road Safety: Legal and Organizational Aspects” (in the author's edition). Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, 238 p. Recovered from https://acortar.link/MD4GUv
CAM. (2019). Risk assessment Nitrous oxide. Coordination Centre for the Assessment and Monitoring of new drugs. Bilthoven. Dutch. Recovered from https://www.rivm.nl/sites/default/files/2019-12/risicobeoordelingsrapport%20lachgas%2020191209%20beveiligd.pdf
Cloutier, M., Beaulieu, E., Fridman, L., Macpherson, A. K, Hagel, B. E., Howard, A. W., Churchill, T., Fuselli, P., Macarthur C., & Rothman, L. (2021). State-of-the-art review: preventing child and youth pedestrian motor vehicle collisions: Critical issues and future directions. Injury Prevention, 27(1), 77-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043829
Decree No. 1287-2020-п, On the approval of the State Program for Improving the Level of Road Traffic Safety in Ukraine for the period until 2023. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1287-2020-%D0%BF#Text
Decree No. 1306-2001-п, On Traffic Rules. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, from 02.11.2022. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1306-2001-%D0%BF#Text
Decree No. 1360-2020, On the approval of the Strategy for increasing the level of road safety in Ukraine for the period until 2024. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, from 21.10.2020. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1360-2020-%D1%80#Text
Decree No. 2341-III, Article 286. Violation of traffic safety rules or transport operation by persons driving vehicles. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, from 06.11.2022. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2341-14#n1961
Global-regulation (1994). Dutch Road Traffic Act 1994. Original Language Title: Wegenverkeerswet 1994. Recovered from https://www.global-regulation.com/translation/netherlands/3074644/road-traffic-act-1994.html
E-Survey of Road users’ Attitudes. (2022). About the project. Recovered from https://www.esranet.eu/en/about-the-project/
European Commission. (2018). Communication from the commission to the European parliament, the council, the European economic and social committee and the committee of the regions. Europe on the move. Sustainable Mobility for Europe: safe, connected, and clean. COM/2018/293 final. Brussels, 17.5.2018. Recovered from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/en/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52018DC0293
European Commission. (2020). Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport, Next steps towards ‘Vision Zero’: EU road safety policy framework 2021-2030, European Commission, Publications Office, 2020. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2832/391271
European Commission. (2021). 2021 road safety statistics: what is behind the figures? Recovered from https://transport.ec.europa.eu/2021-road-safety-statistics-what-behind-figures_en
European Commission. (2022). Road safety in the EU: fatalities in 2021 remain well below pre-pandemic level. Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport. Recovered from https://transport.ec.europa.eu/news/preliminary-2021-eu-road-safety-statistics-2022-03-28_en
European Parliament, & Council of the European Union. (2008). Directive 2008/96/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on road infrastructure safety management. Official Journal of the European Union. Recovered from http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2008/96/oj
European Parliament, & Council of the European Union. (2015). Regulation (EU) 2015/758 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2015 concerning type-approval requirements for the deployment of the eCall in-vehicle system based on the 112 service and amending Directive 2007/46/EC. Official Journal of the European Union. Official Journal of the European Union. Recovered from http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2015/758/oj
European Parliament. (2021). European Parliament resolution 2021/2014(INI) (2021). EU Road Safety Policy Framework 2021-2030 - Recommendations on next steps towards "Vision Zero", Strasbourg. Recovered from https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2021-0407_EN.html
European Transport Safety Council. (2020). The impact of Covid-19 lockdowns on road deaths in april 2020. Pin Briefing. Recovered from https://etsc.eu/wp-content/uploads/PIN-Corona-Briefing_final.pdf
European Union Press release. (2022). New rules to improve road safety and enable fully driverless vehicles in the EU, New Vehicle General Safety Regulation, Brussels. Recovered from https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_22_4312
Faílde-Garrido, J. M., Rodríguez-Castro, Y., González-Fernández, A., & García-Rodríguez M. A. (2021). Traffic Crimes and risky driving: The role of personality and driving anger. Current Psychology, 1406. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02634-2
Faus, M., Alonso, F., Fernández, C., & Useche, S. A. (2021). Are Traffic Announcements Really Effective? A Systematic Review of Evaluations of Crash-Prevention Communication Campaigns. Safety, 7(4), 66. https://doi.org/10.3390/safety7040066
Fisa, R., Musukuma, M., Sampa, M., Musonda, P., & Young, T. (2022). Effects of interventions for preventing road traffic crashes: an overview of systematic reviews. BMC Public Health, 22:513. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12253-y
Goldenbeld, C., Torfs, K., Vlakveld, W., & Houwing, S. (2020). Impaired driving due to alcohol or drugs: International differences and determinants based on E-Survey of Road Users' Attitudes first-wave results in 32 countries. IATSS Research, 44(3), 188-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iatssr.2020.07.005
Green, M., Muir, C., Oxley, J., & Sobhani, A. (2022). Safe System in road safety public policy: A case study from Victoria, Australia. IATSS Research, 46(2), 171-180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iatssr.2021.11.006
GRSF. (2021). Road Safety Auditors Train-the-Trainer-Course in Ukraine. Recovered from https://www.roadsafetyfacility.org/events/road-safety-auditors-train-trainer-course-ukraine
Kalinina, A. V. (2021). Criminological legislation of Ukraine in the field of traffic safety. Bulletin of the Criminal Law Association of Ukraine, 2(16). https://doi.org/10.21564/2311-9640.2021.16.244739
Kristianssen, A. C., Andersson, R., Belin, M. A., & Nilsen, P. (2018). Swedish Vision Zero policies for safety - a comparative policy content analysis. Safety Science, 103, 260-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2017.11.005
Law of Ukraine No. 2344-III. On road transport. The Official Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (BVR), 2001, No. 22, Article 105. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2344-14#Text
Lukasiewicz, A., Sanna, V. S., Diogo, V. L. A. P., & Bernát, A. (2022). Shared Mobility: A Reflection on Sharing Economy Initiatives in European Transportation Sectors. The Sharing Economy in Europe. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86897-0_5
Mohan, D. (2019). Traffic safety: rights and obligations. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 128, 159-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2019.04.010
Morimoto, А., Wang, А., & Kitano, N. (2022). A conceptual framework for road traffic safety considering differences in traffic culture through international comparison. IATSS Research, 46(1), 3-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iatssr.2021.11.012
OECD. (2021а). Road safety report 2021. Sweden. Recovered from https://www.itf-oecd.org/sites/default/files/sweden-road-safety.pdf
OECD. (2021b). Road safety report 2021. The Netherlands. Recovered from https://www.itf-oecd.org/sites/default/files/netherlands-road-safety.pdf
OECD (2008). International Transport Forum. Towards Zero Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach. Paris. France: OECD, Publishing, https://doi.org/10.1787/9789282101964-en
Riaz, M. S., Cuenen, A., Dhondt, S., Craps, H., Janssens, D., Wets, G., Brijs, T., & Brijs, K. (2019). Evaluation of a Road Safety Education Program Based on Driving Under Influence and Traffic Risks for Higher Secondary School Students in Belgium. Safety, 5(2), 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/safety5020034
Safarpour, H., Khorasani-Zavareh, D., & Mohammadi, R. (2020). The common road safety approaches: A scoping review and thematic analysis. Chinese Journal of Traumatology, 23(2), 113-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjtee.2020.02.005
Shariff, S. S. R., Nusa, F. N. M., Hanizan, H. A., & Taib, M. N. (2022). An analysis of accidents involving public transport along highway. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1022:012021, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1022/1/012021
Shi, G., Methoxha, V., Atkinson-Palombo, C., & Garrick, N. (2021). Sustainable Safety in The Netherlands Creating a Road Environment where People on Foot and on Bikes are as Safe as People in Cars. Transportation Research Record, 2675(11), 792-803. https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981211019736
Steiner, W., Schöll, E. M., Leisch, F., & Hackländer, K. (2021). Temporal patterns of roe deer traffic accidents: Effects of season, daytime and lunar phase. PLoS ONE, 16(3), e0249082. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249082
Sveriges Riksdag. (2019). Law (1951:649) for the punishment of certain traffic offences. (1951). t.o.m. SFS 2019:346. Swedish. Recovered from https://acortar.link/jYsjKe
Tavakkoli, M., Torkashvand-Khah, Z., Fink, G., Takian, A., Kuenzli, N., de Savigny, D., & Cobos Muñoz, D. (2022). Evidence From the Decade of Action for Road Safety: A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Interventions in Low and Middle-Income Countries. Public Health Review, 43, 1604499. https://doi.org/10.3389%2Fphrs.2022.1604499
Trafikverket. (2022). An expert in the Swedish Transport Administration coordinates the UN's global plan for road safety. Recovered from https://acortar.link/vZiKdp
Ukravtodor. (2021). Report of the State Road Agency of Ukraine for 2021. Ukrainian. Recovered from https://www.kmu.gov.ua/storage/app/sites/1/17-civik-2018/zvit2021/zvit-ukravtodor-2021.pdf
VSV. (2022). Traffic weeks. Verkeersweken. Dutch. Recovered from https://secundair.verkeeropschool.be/wat-wij-doen/verkeersweken/
WHO. (2009). Global status report on road safety: time for action. Geneva, World Health Organization. Recovered from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/44122/9789241563840_eng.pdf?sequence=1
WHO. (2020). Third Global Ministerial Conference on Road Safety. 19-20 February. Recovered from https://www.who.int/news-room/events/detail/2020/02/19/default-calendar/third-global-ministerial-conference-on-road-safety
WHO. (2022). Road traffic injuries. Recovered from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/road-traffic-injuries
Zainafree, I., Hadisaputro, S., Suwandono, A., & Widjanarko, B. (2022). The road safety education program for adolescents using social media, proving increasing knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, intentions and behavior. Safety, 8(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/safety8010012
Published
2022-12-15
How to Cite
Rudyk, M., Avramenko, S., Koller, Y., Svoboda, I., & Tseluiko, M. (2022). Prevention of criminal offences in passenger road transport in EU countries. Amazonia Investiga, 11(59), 64-78. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2022.59.11.6
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