Multifaceted approach to legislative regulation for using dna analysis in criminal proceedings of Ukraine
Keywords:
forensic DNA analysis, criminal proceedings of Ukraine, legal bases of forensic DNA analysis, molecular genetic examination in criminal proceedings, use of DNA to investigate crimes.
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to develop propositions for improving legal regulation of the use of DNA analysis in criminal proceedings of Ukraine. System-structural, comparative-legal and formal-logical methods of research, analysis of theory and practice are used. The article proposes to apply an integrated approach to the development and introduction of the field-oriented legislation after public discussion on the problems of protecting genetic data in law enforcement practice based on European standards. It is already necessary to separate the concepts of biological material and genomic information in the current legislation of Ukraine, to establish the terms of their storage and the rules for destruction after they are no longer needed. The legislation should also differentiate the methods of obtaining biological samples with defining the priorities for obtaining samples for DNA analysis by the way of buccal scraping (genal swabbing). We should provide separate rules for the permissible scope of molecular genetic testing for suspects (convicts) and other persons. It is also necessary to limit the possibility of unofficial obtaining DNA profiles and to establish procedural rules for mass genetic testing to detect especially grave crimes.
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References
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Scudder, N., McNevin, D., Kelty, S. F., Walsh, S. J., & Robertson, J. (2018) Massively parallel sequencing and the emergence of forensic genomics: Defining the policy and legal issues for law enforcement, Science & Justice, 58(2), pp. 153-158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2017.10.001.
Simoncelli, T., & Krimsky, S. (2007). A new era of DNA collections: At what cost to Civil Liberties. American Constitution Society for Law and Policy, 2007, 1-19.
Stepaniuk, R., Shcherbakovskyi, M., Kikinchuk, V. Lapta S., & Husieva V. (2019). Problems of using forensic molecular-genetic examination in criminal procedure of Ukraine. Georgian Medical News, № 5(290), pp. 157–163 (in Russian)
Strand, N. K. (2016). Shedding Privacy Along With our Genetic Material: What Constitutes Adequate Legal Protection against Surreptitious Genetic Testing? AMA journal of ethics, 18(3), 264-271.
Wallace, H. M., Jackson, A. R., Gruber, J., & Thibedeau, A. D. (2014) Forensic DNA databases – Ethical and legal standards: A global review, Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 4(3), pp. 57-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejfs.2014.04.002.
Atalay, A. (2019). Evaluation of Molecular Genetic Analysis in Criminal Procedure Law in Terms of Protection of Sensitive Personal Data. Journal of Penal Law and Criminology, 7(2), 127-184. https://doi.org/10.26650/JPLC2019-0018.
Bárd, P. (2010). The force of law: genetic data protection in Central and Eastern Europe. Jahr: European Journal of Bioethics, 1(1), 95-112. https://hrcak.srce.hr/clanak/88785
Denysovskyi, MD, & Bumba, MI (2021) Some aspects of taking biological samples for examination in criminal proceedings. International scientific conference. Łódź, the Republic of Poland, October 8-9, p. 157-159. DOI https://doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-148-0-41.
Drozd, V., Rusnak, I., Olishevskyi, O., Hapotii, V., & Minkova, O. (2019). Obtaining samples for examination in criminal proceedings: problems of normative regulation and law enforcement. Georgian medical news, (292-293), 129-134.
Dubonos, K. V. (2021). The use of biometric databases of units of the Expert Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine in the investigation of criminal offenses. (Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in specialty). National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kyiv, 286 p. [in Ukrainian]
Ge, J., & Budowle, B. (2021). Forensic investigation approaches of searching relatives in DNA databases. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 66(2), pp. 430-443. DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14615.
Gorelkina, K. (2021). Respect for human rights and freedoms in the forced collection of biological samples. Bulletin of the Penitentiary Association of Ukraine, (1), pp. 133-140. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.34015/2523-4552.2021.1.12
Greytak, E. M., Moore, C. C., & Armentrout, S. L. (2019) Genetic genealogy for cold case and active investigations. Forensic Science International, Vol 299, pp. 103-113. DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.03.039.
Haddrill, P. R. (2021). Developments in forensic DNA analysis. Emerging Topics in Life Sciences, 5(3), 381-393. DOI: 10.1042/etls20200304.
Horpyniuk, O.P. (2019) International standards for the collection and use of biometric data (DNA samples) in the activities of law enforcement agencies. Legal Scientific Electronic Journal, № 2, pp. 245‒249. http://www.lsej.org.ua/2_2019/70.pdf.
Kaplina, O.V, Shylo, O.H, & Titko, I.A. (2019) Using the samples of human biological materials in the criminal procedure: the practice of the european court of human rights Wiad Lek. Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland: 1960), 72(8), 1576-1581. PMID: 32012511.
Kaye, J. (2006). Police collection and access to DNA samples. Genomics, Society and Policy, 2(1), 16-27.
Kimmelman, J. (2000) Risking Ethical Insolvency: A Survey of Trends in Criminal DNA Databanking. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 28(3), pp. 209-221
Koropetska, S. O., & Smushak, O. M. (2020). Selection of biological samples for examination in criminal proceedings: the main stages and directions of research. South Ukrainian Law Journal, Vol. 4, pp. 261-265. DOI https://doi.org/10.32850/sulj.2020.4.44
Leiba, O. A. (2021). Selection of biological samples for expert research: controversial issues of regulation and law enforcement practice. Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod National University. Series: Law, 65, pp. 308-313. (In Ukranian)
Roy, K. E. (2021). State v. Querido, 229 A. 3d 410 (RI 2020). Roger Williams University Law Review, 26(3), 16.
Schneider, P. M., Prainsack, B., & Kayser, M. (2019) The Use of Forensic DNA Phenotyping in Predicting Appearance and Biogeographic Ancestry. German Medical Journal International, Vol. 51-52, pp. 873-880. DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2019.0873.
Scudder, N., McNevin, D., Kelty, S. F., Walsh, S. J., & Robertson, J. (2018) Massively parallel sequencing and the emergence of forensic genomics: Defining the policy and legal issues for law enforcement, Science & Justice, 58(2), pp. 153-158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2017.10.001.
Simoncelli, T., & Krimsky, S. (2007). A new era of DNA collections: At what cost to Civil Liberties. American Constitution Society for Law and Policy, 2007, 1-19.
Stepaniuk, R., Shcherbakovskyi, M., Kikinchuk, V. Lapta S., & Husieva V. (2019). Problems of using forensic molecular-genetic examination in criminal procedure of Ukraine. Georgian Medical News, № 5(290), pp. 157–163 (in Russian)
Strand, N. K. (2016). Shedding Privacy Along With our Genetic Material: What Constitutes Adequate Legal Protection against Surreptitious Genetic Testing? AMA journal of ethics, 18(3), 264-271.
Wallace, H. M., Jackson, A. R., Gruber, J., & Thibedeau, A. D. (2014) Forensic DNA databases – Ethical and legal standards: A global review, Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 4(3), pp. 57-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejfs.2014.04.002.
Published
2022-03-10
How to Cite
Stepaniuk, R., Kikinchuk, V., Pyrih, I., Pletenets, V., & Prylovskyi, V. (2022). Multifaceted approach to legislative regulation for using dna analysis in criminal proceedings of Ukraine. Amazonia Investiga, 11(50), 130-139. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2022.50.02.13
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