Illocutionary Pragmatic Adaptation Challenge: Ukrainian Translations of English-language Soft Law Texts
Keywords:
basic devices, deontic modality, illocutionary force, pragmatic adaptation; soft law.
Abstract
The article introduces the concept of illocutionary pragmatic adaptation (IPA) as a local translation adaptation aimed at replacing, de-intensifying or strengthening the modality in Ukrainian translations of the English-language soft law texts. The idea of IPA is based on the premises of illocutionary forces–modality correlation, their graded nature added by the concept of pragmatic translation adaptation, its types, criteria, and strategies. Basic IPA means include shall-associated transformations aimed at adaptation to a softer law and should-associated IPA to a harder law. The omission of shall in the Ukrainian translations results in transforming explicit directives into two-intentional assertives, effecting the replacement of obligative modality by an epistemic belief that the rule should be followed instead of the requirement for the rule observation. Replacing the modal verb of the recommendation should with the verb of obligation “повинні» (must) leads to the transformation of modality of recommendation into an obligative one based on strengthening the directive illocutionary force. The paper has identified three factors of IPA: (1) genre-related, which determines the target text adaptation either to the softer or harder genres of the source text; (2) a discursive space of soft law core values effecting IPA with a decrease in directive illocutionary force and obligative modality; (3) the factor of the local context.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abbott, K. W., & Snidal, D. (2000). Hard and Soft Law in International Governance. International Organization, V54 (3), 421-456. Retrieved Sept 20 from: Hard and Soft Law in International Governance (eastlaw.net)
Baker, M., & Saldanha, G. (2011). Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. New York: Routledge.
Chesterman, A., & Wagner, E. (2002). Can theory help translators? A dialogue between the ivory tower and the wordface. Manchester: St. Jerome Publishing.
Council of Europe (1995). Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities Retrieved Sept 25 from: https://rm.coe.int/16800c10cf*
English Style Guide (2021). A handbook for authors and translators in the European Commission. European Commission. Eighth edition: January 2016. Retrieved Sept 10 from: English Style Guide (europa.eu)
Gambier, Y., & Gottlieb, H. (2001). Multimedia translation concepts, practices, and research (pp. vii-xx). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Halliday, M. (2004). An introduction to functional grammar (3rd ed.). London: Edward Arnold.
Halliday, M. (1964). Comparison and translation, in M. A. K. Halliday, M. McIntosh and P. Strevens, The linguistic sciences and language teaching. London: Longman.
Hegarty, M. (2016). Modality and propositional attitudes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/modality-and-propositional-attitudes/F01FC0CD9721906E7079EE3556EC0680
Hillgenberg, H. (1999). A Fresh Look at Soft Law. European Journal of International Law, No 3, p. 499-515.
ISO (2021). Principles and rules for the structure and drafting of ISO and IEC documents Retrieved Sept 5 from: https://www.iso.org/sites/directives/current/part2/index.xhtml#_idTextAnchor090
Kravchenko, N., & Pasternak, T. (2020). Institutional eco-pragmatics vs. anthropo-pragmatics: problems, challenges, research perspectives. Cogito. Multidisciplinary Research Journal, Vol. XII (2), pp. 24-39.
Kravchenko, N., & Zhykharieva, O. (2020). Sign-like Pragmatic Devices: pro et contra. In Kalbų studijos. Studies about Languages, No. 36/2020, pp. 70-84.
Kravchenko, N. (2017). Illocution of direct speech acts via conventional implicature and semantic presupposition / Lege artis. Language yesterday, today, tomorrow. The Journal of University of SS Cyril and Methodius in Trnava. Warsaw: De Gruyter Open, Vol. II (1), p. 128-168.
Kravchenko, N. (2017a). Indirect speech acts’ via conversational implicatures and pragmatic presuppositions. Cognition, communication, discourse. International On-line Journal, № 14, pp. 54-66.
Kravchenko, N. (2006). Interactive, genre and conceptual modeling of international legal discourse. Kiev: Referat (in Russian).
Lukashuk, I.I. (1997). The norms of international law in the international normative system. Moscow: Spark (in Russian).
Lyons, J. (1977). Semantics. 2 Vols. London and New York: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from: Semantics (cambridge.org)
Neubert, Al. (1968). Pragmatic aspects of translation [Pragmatische Aspekte der Übersetzung]. Leipzig: Language and Literature Publisher [Verlag Sprache und Literatur].
Nord, C. (2014). Hurdle jumps. A plea for more courage when translating [Hürden-Sprünge. Ein Plädoyer für mehr Mut beim Übersetzen]. Berlin: BDÜ-Fachverlag.
Nuyts, J. (2016). Analyses of modal meanings. In Jan Nuyts & Johan van der Auwera (eds.), Oxford handbook of modality and mood, (pp. 31-49). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Palmer, F.R. (1986). Mood and Modality. Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics. Cambridge: CUP. Retrieved from: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/mood-and-modality/contents/220436A958C21D0A9A96B1F570495AAC; Mood and Modality - F. R. Palmer - Google Книги P. 1-80.
Pym, A. (2012). On Translator Ethics. Principles for mediation between cultures. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: Benjamins.
Quirk, R., Greenbaum, S., Leech, G., & Svartvik, J. (1985). A comprehensive grammar of English language. London: Longman.
Raw, L. (2012). Adaptation, Translation and Transformation. New York: Continuum.
United Nations (1992). Rio Declaration on Environment and Development. Retrieved Aug 18 from: https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/generalassembly/
docs/globalcompact/A_CONF.151_26_Vol.I_Declaration.pdf
United Nations (1992). United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Retrieved Aug 26 from: https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/convkp/conveng.pdf
United Nations Human Rights (1948). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Retrieved Sept 18 from: https://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Documents/UDHR_Translations/eng.pdf
Sadock, J. (2004). Speech acts. In L. R. Horn & G. Ward (Eds.), The handbook of pragmatics (pp. 53-73). Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing.
Searle, J. (1995). The Construction of Social Reality. New York: Free Press.
Searle, J.R. (1983). Intentionality: An Essay in the Philosophy of Mind. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Searle, J. (1975). A classification of illocutionary acts. Language in Society, 5(1), 1-23.
Searle, J. (1975а). Indirect speech acts. In P. Cole and J. L. Morgan (Eds.), Syntax and semantics, # 3: Speech acts (pp. 59–82). New York: Academic Press.
Van Leeuwen, T. (1993). Genre and field in critical discourse analysis. Discourse & Society, 4(2), 193-223.
Venuti, L. (2012). Translation changes everything. London and New York: Routledge.
Vezhbitskaya, А. (2015). Semantic Universals and Language Description. Book on Demand Ltd.
Vinay, J., & Darbelnet, J. (1972). Comparative stylistics of French and English: translation method. New revised and corrected edition [Stylistique comparée du français et del’anglais: méthode de traduction. Nouvelle édition revue et corrigée]. Paris: Didier
Von Fintel, K. (2006). Modality and language. Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Detroit: MacMillan Reference.
WHO (2003) WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Retrieved Sept 12 from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/42811/9241591013.pdf?sequence=1
Baker, M., & Saldanha, G. (2011). Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. New York: Routledge.
Chesterman, A., & Wagner, E. (2002). Can theory help translators? A dialogue between the ivory tower and the wordface. Manchester: St. Jerome Publishing.
Council of Europe (1995). Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities Retrieved Sept 25 from: https://rm.coe.int/16800c10cf*
English Style Guide (2021). A handbook for authors and translators in the European Commission. European Commission. Eighth edition: January 2016. Retrieved Sept 10 from: English Style Guide (europa.eu)
Gambier, Y., & Gottlieb, H. (2001). Multimedia translation concepts, practices, and research (pp. vii-xx). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Halliday, M. (2004). An introduction to functional grammar (3rd ed.). London: Edward Arnold.
Halliday, M. (1964). Comparison and translation, in M. A. K. Halliday, M. McIntosh and P. Strevens, The linguistic sciences and language teaching. London: Longman.
Hegarty, M. (2016). Modality and propositional attitudes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/modality-and-propositional-attitudes/F01FC0CD9721906E7079EE3556EC0680
Hillgenberg, H. (1999). A Fresh Look at Soft Law. European Journal of International Law, No 3, p. 499-515.
ISO (2021). Principles and rules for the structure and drafting of ISO and IEC documents Retrieved Sept 5 from: https://www.iso.org/sites/directives/current/part2/index.xhtml#_idTextAnchor090
Kravchenko, N., & Pasternak, T. (2020). Institutional eco-pragmatics vs. anthropo-pragmatics: problems, challenges, research perspectives. Cogito. Multidisciplinary Research Journal, Vol. XII (2), pp. 24-39.
Kravchenko, N., & Zhykharieva, O. (2020). Sign-like Pragmatic Devices: pro et contra. In Kalbų studijos. Studies about Languages, No. 36/2020, pp. 70-84.
Kravchenko, N. (2017). Illocution of direct speech acts via conventional implicature and semantic presupposition / Lege artis. Language yesterday, today, tomorrow. The Journal of University of SS Cyril and Methodius in Trnava. Warsaw: De Gruyter Open, Vol. II (1), p. 128-168.
Kravchenko, N. (2017a). Indirect speech acts’ via conversational implicatures and pragmatic presuppositions. Cognition, communication, discourse. International On-line Journal, № 14, pp. 54-66.
Kravchenko, N. (2006). Interactive, genre and conceptual modeling of international legal discourse. Kiev: Referat (in Russian).
Lukashuk, I.I. (1997). The norms of international law in the international normative system. Moscow: Spark (in Russian).
Lyons, J. (1977). Semantics. 2 Vols. London and New York: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from: Semantics (cambridge.org)
Neubert, Al. (1968). Pragmatic aspects of translation [Pragmatische Aspekte der Übersetzung]. Leipzig: Language and Literature Publisher [Verlag Sprache und Literatur].
Nord, C. (2014). Hurdle jumps. A plea for more courage when translating [Hürden-Sprünge. Ein Plädoyer für mehr Mut beim Übersetzen]. Berlin: BDÜ-Fachverlag.
Nuyts, J. (2016). Analyses of modal meanings. In Jan Nuyts & Johan van der Auwera (eds.), Oxford handbook of modality and mood, (pp. 31-49). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Palmer, F.R. (1986). Mood and Modality. Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics. Cambridge: CUP. Retrieved from: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/mood-and-modality/contents/220436A958C21D0A9A96B1F570495AAC; Mood and Modality - F. R. Palmer - Google Книги P. 1-80.
Pym, A. (2012). On Translator Ethics. Principles for mediation between cultures. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: Benjamins.
Quirk, R., Greenbaum, S., Leech, G., & Svartvik, J. (1985). A comprehensive grammar of English language. London: Longman.
Raw, L. (2012). Adaptation, Translation and Transformation. New York: Continuum.
United Nations (1992). Rio Declaration on Environment and Development. Retrieved Aug 18 from: https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/generalassembly/
docs/globalcompact/A_CONF.151_26_Vol.I_Declaration.pdf
United Nations (1992). United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Retrieved Aug 26 from: https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/convkp/conveng.pdf
United Nations Human Rights (1948). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Retrieved Sept 18 from: https://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Documents/UDHR_Translations/eng.pdf
Sadock, J. (2004). Speech acts. In L. R. Horn & G. Ward (Eds.), The handbook of pragmatics (pp. 53-73). Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing.
Searle, J. (1995). The Construction of Social Reality. New York: Free Press.
Searle, J.R. (1983). Intentionality: An Essay in the Philosophy of Mind. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Searle, J. (1975). A classification of illocutionary acts. Language in Society, 5(1), 1-23.
Searle, J. (1975а). Indirect speech acts. In P. Cole and J. L. Morgan (Eds.), Syntax and semantics, # 3: Speech acts (pp. 59–82). New York: Academic Press.
Van Leeuwen, T. (1993). Genre and field in critical discourse analysis. Discourse & Society, 4(2), 193-223.
Venuti, L. (2012). Translation changes everything. London and New York: Routledge.
Vezhbitskaya, А. (2015). Semantic Universals and Language Description. Book on Demand Ltd.
Vinay, J., & Darbelnet, J. (1972). Comparative stylistics of French and English: translation method. New revised and corrected edition [Stylistique comparée du français et del’anglais: méthode de traduction. Nouvelle édition revue et corrigée]. Paris: Didier
Von Fintel, K. (2006). Modality and language. Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Detroit: MacMillan Reference.
WHO (2003) WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Retrieved Sept 12 from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/42811/9241591013.pdf?sequence=1
Published
2022-02-11
How to Cite
Kravchenko, N., Prokopchuk, M., Pozhar, A., Kozyarevych-Zozulya, L., & Rozhkov, Y. (2022). Illocutionary Pragmatic Adaptation Challenge: Ukrainian Translations of English-language Soft Law Texts. Amazonia Investiga, 11(49), 267-276. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2022.49.01.29
Issue
Section
Articles
.gif)
