Lukasevich-Krutnyk, Melnyk, Nikiforuk,
Stasyuk, Chmyryova, Fedyai, Yasynchuk were
engaged in the research of the institute of railway
transportation.
Thus, the work of Zatvornytska (2019) analyzed
competitive rules for the Ukrainian railway. The
author analyzed possible changes in the field of
railway transportation, and, in particular,
emphasized the fact that the creation of a railway
transportation market requires a regulatory and
legal environment, market institutions, and the
willingness of private operators to come to the
Ukrainian market and adhere to the rules of work
on it. The main tasks on this path are the creation
of a transport regulator, drawing up a reference
document for the railway, determining the
principles of tariff formation for access to
infrastructure and approving the ownership
policy of Joint Stock Company "Ukrainian
Railways" (JSC “UZ”).
The peculiarities of railway financing and its
restoration are analyzed in the article by
Kolisnichenko (2022).
The question of the liberalization of the rail
transport market in Ukraine using the example of
the European Union is considered in the work of
Kuzyo, Zatvornytska & Yablonovskyi (2019).
The authors consider it necessary to implement
the following measures: before opening the rail
transport market, the government should
implement measures aimed at ensuring that the
financing of the future infrastructure operator
was sufficient to maintain the railway network of
Ukraine in working order; Ukrzaliznytsia must
ensure a clear separation of accounting (and
economic activity) for infrastructure
management from other services – passenger and
freight transportation, as well as – independent
management of each of the companies; in
accordance with the demonopolization strategy
of state-owned companies, the government
should decide whether Ukrzaliznytsia will be a
vertically integrated holding with separate
subsidiaries (infrastructure operator and
transport operators), or whether the model of
complete separation of the infrastructure operator
and transport operators will be applied; before
the opening of the market, the government
should implement measures to cancel cross-
subsidization of freight and passenger
transportation; it is necessary to establish the
National Commission for the Regulation of
Railway Transport and to transfer from the
Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine to its
competence the issue of tariff regulation.
Peculiarities of attracting investments in
Ukrainian infrastructure are studied in the article
by Lawrence (2020). According to the expert,
Ukrzaliznytsia is a very essential organization in
Ukraine, and over time it will have to abandon
commercial freight rail transportation, and at the
same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the
development of a comprehensive and transparent
legal framework; a detailed cost analysis
containing long-term capital costs and
development costs; sustainable and effective
development of labor and operational resources,
as well as state support for the provision of
passenger services — a valuable commitment to
the provision of public services. Also, the expert
noted that the World Bank supports the
government's activities aimed at carrying out
reforms in the railway transport sector and in
case of success of the legislative reform,
restructuring and division of functions within the
company, the state will have the prerequisites for
the creation of a freight and transport enterprise.
The legal regulation of transportation contractual
relations in the codified acts of civil legislation of
individual European countries was analyzed by
Lukasevich-Krutnyk (2018).
The directions of the state strategy for the
development of railway transport in Ukraine are
disclosed in the work of Tokmakova,
Ovchynnikova & Korin (2020). In particular, the
author noted that for the formation of strategic
advantages of railway transport, based on the
intellectual leadership of the industry, state
support is necessary. Based on this, the author
formed the directions of state regulation of the
development of railway transport, which take
into account the strategic guidelines of the
development of the industry and reveal the tools
of state support for the processes of forming
strategic advantages according to such
components of development as innovation-
production, investment, energy, environmental,
social and international components.
Analytical research on the progress of the rail
transport association with the EU was carried out
by Melnyk (2022).
The challenges of liberalization for natural
monopolies are discussed in detail in the article
by Nikiforuk (2018). Among the conclusions
drawn by the author, the issues regarding the two
polar approaches to transport policy deserve
attention, namely, complete non-interference or
liberalization of the transport sector and the
paternalistic approach, which involves strict
regulation of tariffs and a single form of